| The
Science of Arm Training
By Craig Ballantyne
You know the world has changed when the average lifter wants a baseball
player’s physique. A big chest, a thick back, and jacked arms
pretty much completes the wish list for most. Now whether or not
all of these players achieved their results with steroids, I don’t
know. The fact is, they sure as heck didn’t get those arms
by training with kickbacks and concentration curls.
If your arms
haven’t grown since you thought baseball was drug-free, then
it’s time to make a change to your workouts. And I’m
going to show you how to use efficient and effective exercises in
a scientifically-designed plan that will add more size to your arms
a week at BALCO labs.
Unlike the average
gym member, the lifter that gets results trains with a plan (even
on arm day). While my sets and reps scheme might be “out in
left field” compared to what you are doing now, believe me,
it’s guaranteed to improve on most arm training programs.
But if you insist on playing in the 10-15 rep range for every exercise
then you are bound to plateau and have minor-league arms. Research
shows that a wide range of repetitions (from 3 reps per set to 12
reps per set) can lead to big-time gains in muscle size.
Using low reps
and heavy weights for your arm exercises might go against the grain,
but the following outline will work for arms and all other body
parts. But for now, this is all you need to know.
In the first
exercise of this workout, you’ll do 3 sets of 5 reps with
a heavy weight (that allows you to complete all reps according to
the guidelines below). The goal is to build absolute (“maximal”)
strength and muscle mass (obviously). Increasing your absolute strength
will help you lift more weight in all exercises. And if you can
lift more weight, then you can train the muscles harder. In response,
the muscle will get bigger to keep up to the demands of the heavy
weights.
In the second
exercise of the workout, you’ll use 4 sets of 8 reps. It just
might be the optimal combination of intensity and volume for muscle
growth and will work extremely well for lifters that have been stalled
on higher rep sets.
In the third
and final exercise of the workout for the arms, you’ll do
3 sets of 12 reps to add more volume to the workout and to fatigue
the muscle and deplete muscle glycogen (glycogen is the name for
carbohydrate stored in the muscles). High-volume training and fatigue
cause the muscles to “stock up” on carbohydrate stores
in preparation for the next training session. And when your muscles
stock up on glycogen, they get bigger and future training sessions
can be more intense. At the end of the 6 week program you’ll
be blasting through these workouts with more intensity and strength
than you’ve had in months.
One the trademarks
of my strength-training programs, as you will see in the months
to come, is to use supersets as often as possible (although there
will be exceptions to the rule). With supersets, we pair two non-competing
exercises together to get more work done in less time, without sacrificing
strength or mass. Muscle size is not associated with how long you
spend in the gym. The training goal is to get in, work hard, get
out, pound a post-workout shake, get home, eat and grow.
Another way
to increase the effectiveness of the training program is to focus
on the tempo of the exercise. Tempo just means the speed of the
exercise. For example and for our purposes, a 3-1-1 tempo means
you’ll take 3 seconds to lower the weight, then you’ll
pause for 1 second, and then you’ll lift the weight back up
in 1 second. A slow eccentric (lowering) tempo and a fast concentric
(lifting) tempo will work your Type II muscle fibers the hardest
– these are fibers that have the greatest potential for muscle
growth. So you’ll get your best strength and mass gains by
using that general tempo arrangement.
You may have
gone through a tempo phase in the past for a couple of weeks and
then due to human nature you probably got lazy and forgot about
using it. But for the next 6 arm workouts, I want you to stick to
the prescribed tempo. You’ll see and feel the benefits after
the first workout.
Now all that
remains is to choose the best exercises for building big arms. With
the help of scientific research, experience, and some recommendations
from Charles Poliquin, I’ve put together some of the most
efficient and effective arm exercises for mass and strength.
After the 4-week
arm assault I want you to cut back on your arm training for 1 week
to allow your muscles to grow (and adapt to the training). If you
regularly include an off-week in your training plan, take it here.
Otherwise, skip your arm workout in week 5. You can return in week
6 with a new variation of this program. By the end of the program
your results should be strikingly obvious and you might even be
getting calls from major league sluggers for training tips.
Training Recommendations
Note: This program
is for advanced lifters only. If you are a beginner, you’ll
need only 1 set per exercise for the first two weeks and only two
sets in weeks 3 & 4.
Do this workout 6 times in 4 weeks.
Week 1 – Wednesday & Saturday
Week 2 – Wednesday
Week 3 – Wednesday & Saturday
Week 4 – Wednesday
Week 5 – Recovery week
Reduce the amount of direct shoulder training you do in the 4 week
arm training phase.
Exercise descriptions:
See the bottom of the article.
Warm-up: For
a specific warm-up, perform 2 sets of each exercise in the first
Superset. Start with 50% and then 75% of the weight you will use
in your first “real set”. Perform 8 repetitions for
each warm-up set.
Each pair of
exercises constitutes a “Superset”. In each Superset,
do one set of the first exercise (1A) followed immediately by the
next exercise (1B). Rest 1 minute and repeat.
Use a proper
weight for each exercise that allows you to get all repetitions
completed with perfect form and the recommended tempo. It will require
you to decrease the weights by at least 10% on most exercises.
Superset #1
Sets: 3
Reps: 5
Tempo: 5-0-1
1A) Close-grip Rack Lockout Bench Press
1B) Close-grip EZ-Bar Preacher Curl
Superset #2
Sets: 4
Reps: 8
Tempo: 3-1-1
2A) Decline DB Triceps Extensions
2B) DB Incline Curls
Superset #3
Sets: 3
Reps: 12
Tempo: 3-0-1
3A) Lying EZ-Bar Triceps Extension
3B) Seated DB Zottman Curls
Exercise Descriptions
Close-grip Rack
Lockout Bench Press
• Move a flat bench into the middle of the squat rack.
• Set the pins 6-inches above your chest. You’ll perform
only the top half of a close-grip bench press.
• Keep your feet flat on the floor, legs bent, and upper back
flat against the bench.
• Grip the bar using a shoulder-width grip & have your
spotter help you take the bar from the rack.
• Keep your elbows close to your sides, lower the bar straight
down to the pins according to the tempo.
• Pause briefly and then press the bar up in a straight line.
• Poliquin recommends that you keep a very small bend in your
elbows at the top of triceps exercises in order to keep the muscles
working at all times.
Decline DB Triceps Extensions
• Lie on the decline bench with your feet anchored appropriately.
• Press the dumbbells over your chest to the start position
and turn your palms in so that they face one another.
• Start the movement by bending the elbow and lower the dumbbells
down and beside your head.
• Pause and hold for one second and then contract your triceps
to extend your arms and move the dumbbells back to the start position.
Lying EZ-Bar Triceps Extension
• Lie flat on a bench with dumbbells in each hand. Hold the
dumbbells at arms length over your chest, with your palms facing
each other.
• Bend the elbows and lower the dumbbells behind your head.
• Pause briefly at the bottom, and then contract the triceps
and extend your arms back up to the starting position.
Close-grip EZ-Bar Preacher Curl
• Sit at the preacher curl bench with a narrow, palms-up grip
on the EZ-Bar.
• Poliquin recommends that you set the height of the seat
so the tops of your thighs are parallel to the floor.
• Lean forward so that your armpits are at in contact with
the top of the preacher bench and as you lower the bar your triceps
are in contact with the padding of the bench.
• Lower the bar until your arms are stretched.
• Pause briefly and then contract your biceps to curl the
bar back up to the top position.
• Poliquin also recommends that you keep your wrists cocked
back throughout the full range of motion.
Seated DB Incline Curls
• Set the incline of the bench at 80 degrees (in an almost
upright position).
• Sit on the bench with a dumbbell in each hand and your palms
turned up.
• Lean back and keep your back and head against the bench
at all times throughout the exercise.
• Perform alternating dumbbell curls with each hand. Keep
the palm up throughout the entire exercise.
Seated DB Zottman Curls
• The Zottman curl is simply a dumbbell curl performed with
a “palms down” grip as you lower the dumbbell and a
“palms-up” grip as your lift the dumbbell. It’s
like doing a curl followed by a reverse curl.
• Set an adjustable bench so that the back is upright. Sit
down and hold a dumbbell in each hand at arms length with your palm
turned up.
• Contract the biceps and curl the dumbbell up to shoulder
height.
• At the top of the movement, turn your palm down and lower
the dumbbell back to the start position.
• Poliquin recommends that you keep your elbows glued to your
sides throughout the lifting and lowering portion of the exercise.
Craig Ballantyne is a Certified Strength & Conditioning Specialist
and writes for Men's Fitness, Maximum Fitness, Muscle and Fitness
Hers, and Oxygen magazines. His trademarked Turbulence Training
fat loss workouts have been featured multiple times in Men’s
Fitness and Maximum Fitness magazines, and have helped thousands
of men and women around the world lose fat, gain muscle, and get
lean in less than 45 minutes three times per week. For more information
on the Turbulence Training workouts that will help you burn fat
without long, slow cardio sessions or fancy equipment, visit http://www.TurbulenceTraining.com
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